智慧树知到答案BASIC CHEMISTRY 基础化学最新答案

第三章 单元测试

1、单选题：
__________ is credited with developing the concept of atomic numbers.
选项：
A:Lothar Meyer
B:Dmitri Mendeleev
C:Henry Moseley
D:Ernest Rutherford
E:Michael Faraday
答案: 【

2、单选题：
Elements in the modern version of the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing __________.
选项：
A:average atomic mass
B:atomic number
C:number of isotopes
D:oxidation number
E:atomic mass
答案: 【

3、单选题：
The first ionization energies of the elements __________ as you go from left to right across a period of the periodic table, and __________ as you go from the bottom to the top of a group in the table.
选项：
A:are completely unpredictable
B:decrease, decrease
C:decrease, increase
D:increase, decrease
E:increase, increase
答案: 【

4、单选题：
In general, as you go across a period in the periodic table from left to right: (1) the atomic radius __________; (2) the electron affinity becomes __________ negative; and (3) the first ionization energy __________.
选项：
A:increases, increasingly, decreases
B:decreases, decreasingly, increases
C:increases, increasingly, increases
D:decreases, increasingly, decreases
E:decreases, increasingly, increases
答案: 【

5、单选题：
Which of the following traits characterizes the alkali metals?
选项：
A:formation of dianions
B:the smallest atomic radius in a period
C:existence as diatomic molecules
D:very high melting point
E:the lowest first ionization energies in a period
答案:

6、单选题：
Oxides of the active metals combine with water to form __________.
选项：
A:metal hydrides
B:oxygen gas
C:metal hydroxides
D:water and a salt
E:hydrogen gas
答案: 【

7、单选题：
An alkaline earth metal forms a compound with oxygen with the formula __________. (The symbol M represents any one of the alkaline earth metals.)
选项：
A:M2O2
B:MO3
C:MO
D:M2O
E:MO2
答案: 【】

8、单选题：
Which non-metal exists as a diatomic solid?
选项：
A:bromine
B:boron
C:iodine
D:phosphorus
E:antimony
答案:

9、单选题：
The only noble gas that does not have the ns2np6 valence electron configuration is __________.
选项：
A:neon
B:helium
C:krypton
D:radon
E:All noble gases have the ns2np6 valence electron configuration
答案:

10、单选题：
What is the oxidation number of chromium in [Cr(NH3)4Cl2]Cl __________?
选项：
A:0
B:-3
C:3
D:-2
E:2
答案: 【】

第四章 单元测试

1、单选题：
There are __________ paired and __________ unpaired electrons in the Lewis symbol for a phosphorus atom.
选项：
A:4, 3
B:2, 3
C:4, 2
D:2, 4
E:0, 3
答案: 【】

2、单选题：
There are __________ unpaired electrons in the Lewis symbol for an oxygen atom.
选项：
A:3
B:4
C:1
D:0
E:2
答案: 【】

3、单选题：
The electron configuration of the phosphide ion (P3- ) is __________.
选项：
A:[Ne]3s2
B:[Ne]3s23p1
C:[Ne]3s23p6
D:[Ne]3p2
E:[Ne]3s23p3
答案: 【

4、单选题：
Elements from opposite sides of the periodic table tend to form __________.
选项：
A:compounds that are gaseous at room temperature
B:covalent compounds
C:homonuclear diatomic compounds
D:covalent compounds that are gaseous at room temperature
E:ionic compounds
答案: 【

5、单选题：
Determining lattice energy from Born-Haber cycle data requires the use of __________.
选项：
A:Coulomb’s law
B:Hess’s law
C:Periodic law
D:the octet rule
E:Avogadro’s number
答案: 【

6、单选题：
How many hydrogen atoms must bond to silicon to give it an octet of valence electrons?
选项：
A:1
B:3
C:5
D:2
E:4
答案: 【】

7、单选题：
In the molecule below, which atom has the largest partial negative charge __________?
选项：
A:C
B:I
C:F
D:Cl
E:Br
答案: 【】

8、单选题：
Electronegativity __________ from left to right within a period and __________ from top to bottom within a group.
选项：
A:increases, stays the same
B:decreases, increases
C:increases, decreases
D:increases, increases
E:stays the same, increases
答案: 【

9、单选题：
The Lewis structure of AsH3 shows __________ nonbonding electron pair(s) on As.
选项：
A:This cannot be determined from the data given.
B:3
C:2
D:0
E:1
答案: 【】

10、单选题：
The formal charge on carbon in the molecule below is __________.
选项：
A:0
B:3
C:2
D:1
E:-1
答案: 【】

第五章 单元测试

1、单选题：
The correct name for K2S is __________.
选项：
A:potassium disulfide
B:potassium sulfate
C:dipotassium sulfate
D:potassium bisulfide
E:potassium sulfide
答案: 【

2、单选题：
The correct name for H2SO3 is __________.
选项：
A:sulfuric acid
B:hydrosulfuric acid
C:sulfurous acid
D:sulfur hydroxide
E:hydrosulfic acid
答案: 【

3、单选题：
The correct name of the compound Na3N is __________.
选项：
A:trisodium nitride
B:sodium(IX) nitride
C:sodium azide
D:sodium trinitride
E:sodium nitride
答案: 【

4、单选题：
The ions Ca2+ and PO43- form a salt with the formula __________.
选项：
A:Ca2(PO4 )3
B:Ca(PO4)2
C:CaPO4
D:Ca3(PO4 )2
E:Ca2PO4
答案: 【

5、单选题：
Element M reacts with fluorine to form an ionic compound with the formula MF3 . The M-ion has 18 electrons. Element M is __________.
选项：
A:Ca
B:P
C:Ar
D:Cr
E:Sc
答案: 【】

6、单选题：
The conjugate base of HSO4- is
选项：
A:HSO4+
B:SO42-
C:H3SO4+
D:OH-
E:H2SO4
答案: 【

7、单选题：
What is the pH of an aqueous solution at 25.0 °C in which [H+] is 0.00250 M?
选项：
A:2.25
B:-3.4
C:-2.6
D:2.6
E:3.4
答案: 【】

8、单选题：
What is the concentration (in M) of hydronium ions in a solution at 25.0 °C with pH = 4.282?
选项：
A:1.66 × 104
B:9.71
C:5.22 × 10-5
D:4.28
E:1.92 × 10-10
答案: 【

9、单选题：
What is the pH of a 0.0150 M aqueous solution of barium hydroxide?
选项：
A:1.82
B:10.4
C:12.2
D:12.5
E:1.52
答案: 【

第六章 单元测试

1、单选题：
When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are __________. NH3 (g) + O2 (g) → NO2 (g) + H2O (g)
选项：
A:4, 7, 4, 6
B:1, 1, 1, 1
C:1, 3, 1, 2
D:4, 3, 4, 3
E:2, 3, 2, 3
答案:

2、单选题：
When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of Al is __________. Al (s) + H2O (l) → Al(OH)3 (s) + H2 (g)
选项：
A:1
B:5
C:4
D:2
E:3
答案: 【】

3、单选题：
When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of O2 is __________. C2H4O (g) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + H2O (g)
选项：
A:1
B:5
C:3
D:2
E:4
答案: 【】

4、单选题：
Write the balanced equation for the reaction that occurs when methanol, CH3CH (l) is burned in air. What is the coefficient of methanol in the balanced equation?
选项：
A:4
B:3
C:1.5
D:1
E:2
答案: 【】

5、单选题：
The balanced equation for the decomposition of sodium azide is __________.
选项：
A:NaN3 (s) → Na (s) + N2 (g)
B:2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g)
C:NaN3 (s) → Na (s) + N2 (g) + N (g)
D:2NaN3 (s) → Na2 (s) + 3N2 (g)
E:2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 2N2 (g)
答案: 【

6、单选题：
The solubility of manganese (II) hydroxide (Mn(OH)2) is 2.2 × 10-5 M. What is the Ksp of Mn(OH)2?
选项：
A:2.1 × 10-14
B:2.2 × 10-5
C:4.8 × 10-10
D:4.3 × 10-14
E:1.1 × 10-14
答案: 【

7、单选题：
What is the empirical formula of a compound that contains 49.4 % K, 20.3 % S, and 30.3 % O by mass?
选项：
A:KSO4
B:KSO2
C:KSO3
D:K2SO4
E:K2SO3
答案:

8、单选题：
A compound contains 40.0 % C, 6.71 % H, and 53.29 % O by mass. The molecular weight of the compound is 60.05 amu. The molecular formula of this compound is __________.
选项：
A:C2H3O4
B:CH2O
C:C2H2O4
D:C2H4O2
E:CHO2
答案: 【

9、单选题：
Magnesium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce magnesium nitride: 3 Mg + N2 → Mg3N2 In a particular experiment, a 9.27 g sample of N2 reacts completely. The mass of Mg consumed is __________ g.
选项：
A:16.1
B:24.1
C:0.92
D:8.04
E:13.9
答案:

10、单选题：
Which of the following reactions is a redox reaction? (a) K2CrO4 + BaCl2 → BaCrO4 + 2KCl (b) Pb22+ + 2Br- → PbBr (c) Cu + S → CuS
选项：
A:(b) and (c)
B:(a) only
C:(b) only
D:(c) only
E:(a) and (c)
答案: 【

第七章 单元测试

1、单选题：
A gas at a pressure of 10.0 Pa exerts a force of __________ N on an area of 5.5 m2.
选项：
A:55
B:5.5
C:1.8
D:18
E:0.55
答案: 【

2、单选题：
A gas vessel is attached to an open-end manometer containing a non- volatile liquid of density 0.791 g/mL as shown below. The difference in heights of the is 755 mm Hg. Given that the density of mercury is 13.6 g/mL, the pressure of the enclosed gas is __________ atm. liquid in the two sides of the manometer is 43.4 cm when the atmospheric pressure
选项：
A:0.99
B:0.96
C:0.993
D:0.987
E:1.03
答案: 【

3、单选题：
A sample of a gas (5.0 mol) at 1.0 atm is expanded at constant temperature from 10 L to 15 L. The final pressure is __________ atm.
选项：
A:1.5
B:7.5
C:3.3
D:15
E:0.67
答案: 【

4、单选题：
A sample of H2 gas (12.28 g) occupies 100.0 L at 400.0 K and 2.00 atm. A sample weighing 9.49 g occupies__________ L at 353 K and 2.00 atm.
选项：
A:54.7
B:109
C:68.2
D:147
E:77.3
答案: 【

5、单选题：
A 0.325 L flask filled with gas at 0.914 atm and 19 °C contains __________ mol of gas.
选项：
A:12.4
B:80.7
C:1.24 × 10-2
D:1.48 × 10-2
E:9.42
答案:

6、单选题：
A sample of gas (1.3 mol) occupies __________ L at 22 °C and 2.5 atm.
选项：
A:3.2 × 10-2
B:0.079
C:13
D:0.94
E:31
答案:

7、单选题：
A flask contains a mixture of He and Ne at a total pressure of 2.6 atm. There are 2.0 mol of He and 5.0 mol of Ne in the flask. The partial pressure of He is __________ atm.
选项：
A:1.04
B:1.86
C:6.5
D:0.74
E:9.1
答案: 【

8、单选题：
The root-mean-square speed of CO at 113 °C is __________ m/s.
选项：
A:58.3
B:317
C:993
D:586
E:31.5
答案: 【

9、单选题：
A sample of N2 gas (2.0 mmol) effused through a pinhole in 5.5 s. It will take __________ s for the same amount of CH4 to effuse under the same conditions.
选项：
A:4.2
B:7.3
C:3.1
D:5.5
E:9.6
答案: 【

10、单选题：
Using the van der Waals equation, the pressure in a 22.4 L vessel containing 1.00 mol of neon gas at 100 °C is__________ atm. (a = 0.211 L2 atm/mol2 , b = 0.0171 L/mol)
选项：
A:0.367
B:1.37
C:1.21
D:0.73
E:1
答案: 【

第八章 单元测试

1、单选题：
A solution is prepared by dissolving 15.0 g of NH3 in 250 g of water. The density of the resulting solution is 0.974 g/mL. The mole fraction of NH3 in the solution is __________.
选项：
A:16.8
B:0.94
C:0.064
D:0.0597
E:0.922
答案: 【

2、单选题：
The vapor pressure of pure water at 25 °C is 23.8 torr. Determine the vapor pressure (torr) of water at 25 °C above a solution prepared by dissolving 35 g of urea (a non-volatile, non-electrolyte, MW = 60.0 g/mol) in 75 g of water.
选项：
A:3.3
B:27
C:0.88
D:21
E:2.9
答案:

3、单选题：
The freezing point of ethanol (C2H5OH) is -114.6 °C. The molal freezing point depression constant for ethanol is 2.00 °C/m. What is the freezing point (°C) of a solution prepared by dissolving 50.0 g of glycerine (C3H8O3 a nonelectrolyte) in 200 g of ethanol?
选项：
A:-120
B:-5.42
C:-132.3
D:-115
E:-114.6
答案: 【

4、单选题：
A solution is prepared by dissolving 6.00 g of an unknown nonelectrolyte in enough water to make 1.00 L of solution. The osmotic pressure of this solution is 0.750 atm at 25.0 °C. What is the molecular weight (g/mol) of the unknown solute?
选项：
A:16.4
B:5.12 × 10-3
C:30.6
D:110
E:195
答案: 【

5、单选题：
The principal reason for the extremely low solubility of NaCl in benzene (C6H6) is the __________.
选项：
A:strength of the covalent bond in NaCl
B:weak solvation of Na+ and Cl- by C6H6
C:increased disorder due to mixing of solute and solvent
D:hydrogen bonding in C6H6
E:strong solvent-solvent interactions
答案:

6、单选题：
Pairs of liquids that will mix in all proportions are called __________ liquids.
选项：
A:supersaturated
B:polar liquids
C:saturated
D:unsaturated
E:miscible
答案: 【】

7、单选题：
The solubility of oxygen gas in water at 25 °C and 1.0 atm pressure of oxygen is 0.041 g/L The solubility of oxygen in water at 3.0 atm and 25 °C is __________ g/L.
选项：
A:0.041
B:0.31
C:0.014
D:0.12
E:3
答案: 【】

8、单选题：
A sample of potassium chlorate (15.0 g) is dissolved in 201 g of water at 70 °C with precautions taken to avoid evaporation of any water. The solution is cooled to 30.0 °C and no precipitate is observed. This solution is __________.
选项：
A:miscible
B:unsaturated
C:saturated
D:hydrated
E:supersaturated
答案: 【

9、单选题：
The concentration of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3 )2) in a 0.726 M solution is __________ molal. The density of the solution is 1.202 g/mL.
选项：
A:0.819
B:0.476
C:1.928
D:0.65
E:0.755
答案: 【

10、单选题：
The concentration of a benzene solution prepared by mixing 12.0 g C6H6 with 38.0 g CCl4 is __________ molal.
选项：
A:4.04
B:0.316
C:0.508
D:0.24
E:0.622
答案: 【